Vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device and method for fabricating the same

ABSTRACT

A first region functioning as a transistor includes a drain region, a body region formed over the drain region, a source region formed over the body region and a trench formed through the body region and having a gate electrode buried therein. A source region is formed over the body region extending in a second region. The source region forming an upper edge of the trench is rounded.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This Non-provisional application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(a)on Patent Application No. 2004-360997 filed in Japan on Dec. 14, 2004,the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a semiconductor device having avertical gate electrode and a method for fabricating the same.

In association with lowering in power consumption and increase infunctionality and in speed of electronics equipment, lower powerconsumption or higher speed operation is demanded in semiconductordevices accompanied by such equipment. In order to satisfy such demands,low ON resistance of transistors is required in semiconductor devicesgenerally used in DC-DC converters of electronics equipment. As onemethod for reducing the ON resistance of transistors, the density of thetransistors arranged per unit area may be increased.

Specifically, a method is proposed in which a gate electrode of asemiconductor device is arranged vertically (along a directionperpendicular to the principal plane of the substrate). As asemiconductor device employing this method, there is vertical trenchgate transistor semiconductor device. In the vertical semiconductordevice, the gate electrode is a vertically arranged and the sourceregion is formed so as to face the upper part of the gate electrode.Also, the drain region is formed so as to face the bottom part of thegate electrode.

In the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, of whichgate electrode is arranged vertically, the uppermost face of thevertical gate electrode and the surface of the silicon region where thesource region is formed is almost on a level. Therefore, in order toprevent conduction between the vertical gate electrode and the sourceregion or the body contact region, it is necessary to cover the upperpart of the vertical gate electrode with, for example, a convexinsulating film when the source region and the body contact region areconnected to the common electrode.

As a prior art for solving this problem, there is proposed a techniquedisclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid Open Publication No.2000-252468A. In this reference, the above problem is solved in such amanner that in a plurality of vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor devices arranged in parallel with each other, theuppermost face of each gate electrode is concaved from the level of thesurface of the silicon region where the source region is formed and aninsulating film is filled in the concave part above the vertical gateelectrode.

A conventional vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicedisclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid Open Publication No.2000-252468A or Japanese Patent Publication No. 2662217B will bedescribed below with reference to drawings.

FIG. 1A is a view showing a structure in section of a conventionalvertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, specifically, aN-channel vertical gate DMOS (Double Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor)transistor.

As shown in FIG. 1A, an epitaxial layer 1810 is formed on a siliconsubstrate 1800, which is a N⁺-type semiconductor substrate with a N-type(first conductivity type) impurity doped, by an epitaxial growth method.The epitaxial layer 1810 includes a N-type drain region 1811, a P-typebody region 1812 formed on the drain region 1811, a N⁺-type sourceregion 1813 formed on the body region 1812, and a P⁺-type body contactregion 1814 which is formed adjacent to the source region 1813 and hasan impurity concentration higher than that of the body region 1812. Inthe epitaxial layer 1810, a trench passing through the source region1813 and the body region 1812 and extending to the upper part of thedrain region 1811 is formed and a vertical gate electrode 1820 is buriedin the trench. The level of the uppermost face of the vertical gateelectrode 1820 is lower than the level of the surface of the epitaxiallayer 1810 where the source region 1813 is formed. An insulating film1830 is filled over the vertical gate electrode 1820 in the trench.Further, an insulating material 1840 serving as a gate insulating filmintervenes between the vertical gate electrode 1820 and the respectivefaces of the drain region 1811 and the body region 1812 each serving asa vertical face of the trench. In addition, a common electrode 1850 towhich the source region 1813 and the body contact region 1814 arecommonly connected is formed on the epitaxial layer 1810.

FIG. 1B is a plan view showing a MOSFETs array in which cells arearranged in arrays, with the use of the MOSFET shown in FIG. 1A as onecell (one unit). Wherein, FIG. 1A is a section taken along a line A-A′of FIG. 1B. In addition, the members other than the vertical gateelectrode 1820, the source region 1813, and the body contact region 1814are not shown in FIG. 1B.

As described above, the epitaxial layer (semiconductor layer) 1810 ofthe conventional vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor deviceshown in FIGS. 1A and 1B includes the N-type drain region 1811, theP-type body region 1812 formed on the drain region 1811, and the N⁺-typesource region 1813 and the P⁺-type body contact region 1814 which areformed on the body region 1812 so as to be adjacent with each other.Each surface of the source region 1813 and the body contact region 1814serves as the surface of the semiconductor layer 1810. Further, theupper part of the vertical gate electrode 1820 faces the source region1813 and the bottom part of the vertical gate electrode 1820 faces thedrain region 1811.

In a vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device having theabove construction, the insulating film 1830 prevents conduction betweenthe vertical gate electrode 1820 and the source region 1813 or the bodycontact region 1814. Accordingly, a step of covering the upper face ofthe vertical gate electrode 1820 with an insulating film, which has beenperformed when the source region 1813 and the body contact region 1814are connected in common to the common electrode, can be omitted.

Moreover, since the uppermost face of the insulating film 1830 and thesurface of the silicon region (semiconductor layer 1810) where thesource region 1813 is formed are on a level, the subsequent masking stepcan be performed on a plane surface, thereby facilitating thefabrication of the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are sections each showing a construction of anotherconventional vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device,specifically, a N-channel vertical trench gate DMOS transistor disclosedin Japanese Patent Application Laid Open Publication No. 2000-252468A.Wherein, FIG. 2A is a section showing a first region functioning as aMOS transistor and FIG. 2B is a section showing a second regionfunctioning as an electrical contact with the body region of thetransistor.

As shown in FIG. 2A, in the first region, a N-type drain region 2811 isformed on a silicon substrate 2800, which is a N⁺-type semiconductorsubstrate with a N-type (first conductivity type) impurity doped. AP-type body region 2812 is formed on the drain region 2811 and a N⁺-typesource region 2813 is formed on the body region 2812. Through the sourceregion 2813 and the body region 2812, a trench extending to the upperpart of the drain region 2811 is formed, and a vertical gate electrode2820 is buried in the trench. The level of the uppermost face of thevertical gate electrode 2820 is lower than that of the surface of thesemiconductor layer where the source region 2813 is formed. Aninsulating film 2830 is filled over the upper part of the vertical gateelectrode 2820 in the trench. Also, an insulating material 2840 servingas a gate insulating film intervenes between the vertical gate electrode2820 and the respective faces of the drain region 2811 and the bodyregion 2812 each serving as a vertical wall face of the trench. Inaddition, a common electrode 2850 to be connected to the source region2813 is formed on the source region 2813.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, the second region has the samesectional construction as in the first region, except that a P⁺-typebody contact region 2814 is formed in lieu to the source region 2813shown in FIG. 2A.

FIG. 2C is a plan view showing the MOSFETs array in which the firstregion shown in FIG. 2A and the second region shown in FIG. 2B arealternately arranged in stripes along a direction along which thevertical gate electrode 2820, namely, the gate trench extends. Wherein,the members other than the vertical gate electrode 2820, the sourceregion 2813, and the body contact region 2814 are not shown in FIG. 2C.

As shown in FIG. 2C, the source region 2813 and the body contact region2814 are alternately arranged along the respective gate electrodes 2820(i.e., gate trenches), so that the plural arrays in stripes are formed.The respective arrays are arranged adjacent to the respective gatetrenches and are separated from one another by the respective gatetrenches. Further, referring to the vertical dimension (dimension alongwhich the gate trenches extend) in the arrays arranged beside the gatetrenches, the source region 2813 has a relatively long dimension and thebody contact region 2814 has a relatively short dimension, as shown inFIG. 2C. In other words, the first region functioning as a transistorhas a larger area than that of the second region functioning as a bodycontact.

With the latter conventional vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device having the striped layout shown in FIG. 2A throughFIG. 2C, the intervals between the gate trenches can be set narrowerthan that in the conventional MOSFETs array having the cellular layoutshown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

In order to ensure the contact area between the source region and theelectrode (common electrode) in such conventional MOSFETs array in thecellular layout, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid OpenPublication No. 2001-085685A or Japanese Patent Application Laid OpenPublication No. 11-103052A discloses a technique of forming aninsulating film over the gate electrode in the gate trench so that thelevel of the uppermost face of the insulating film is lower than thelevel of the surface of the semiconductor layer where the source regionis formed. In this technique, the source region and the common electrodecan be in contact partially with each other in the respective parts ofthe gate trench wall face and the surface of the semiconductor layer.

However, in such a conventional vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device having the aforementioned cellular layout, thecontact resistance of the source region increases in association withsize reduction of the device for miniaturization. In detail, if adistance between the adjacent trench gate electrodes is narrowed inassociation with the size reduction of the vertical trench gatetransistor semiconductor device, the source region is also narrowedaccordingly. For example, in a vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device in which vertical gates each having a width of 0.25μm are arranged at intervals of 0.25 μm, if the intervals between thevertical gate electrodes are shortened 0.1 μm, the width of the verticalgate electrodes cannot be shortened when taking account of theresistance of polysilicon. Therefore, the intervals between the verticalgate electrodes must be narrowed to 0.15 μm necessarily, with a resultof extremely small source region formed therebetween. Hence, the contactarea between the common electrode and the source region becomes small,resulting in increased contact resistance of the source region.

It is noted that a smaller contact area between the common electrode andthe body contact region increases the contact area between the commonelectrode and the source region because the layout area where the bodycontact region is arranged and the layout area where the source regionis arranged are in a relationship of trade-off. However, such a smallercontact area between the common electrode and the body contact regionleads to insufficient grounding of the body region and invites aparasitic bipolar transistor to operate.

On the other hand, in a conventional vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device having the aforementioned striped layout, theintervals between adjacent trench gate electrodes are narrowed inassociation with size reduction of the device for miniaturization, andthe source region is narrowed accordingly. In turn, the contact areabetween the common electrode and the source region becomes small,resulting in increased contact resistance of the source region.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems andhas its object of providing a vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device that can be compacted without increasing thecontact resistance of the source region and a fabricating method for it.

In order to attain the above object, a first vertical trench gatetransistor semiconductor device according to the present inventionincludes: a drain region; a first body region formed over the drainregion; a second body region formed over a part of the first bodyregion; a first source region formed over another part of the first bodyregion; a second source region formed over the second body region andelectrically connected to the first source region; a trench formedthrough the first source region, the second source region, the firstbody region, and the second body region; and a gate disposed in thetrench; wherein the second source region functions as an electricalcontact for the first source region while the second body regionfunctions as an electrical contact for the first body region, and anupper edge of a wall face of the trench is rounded. Wherein, the words“the upper edge of the wall face of the trench is rounded” can be the inthe other words, “the upper edge of the trench is tapered as it goesdeep.”

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, thesecond source region is formed over the second body region. Accordingly,the contact area between the common electrode and the source region canbe ensured sufficiently without reducing the layout area of the bodycontact region even if the distance between the gates is shortened inassociation with size reduction of the device. Hence, a compactedvertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device can be attainedwith no increase in contact resistance of the source region.

Further, the rounded upper edge of the wall face of the trench preventsvoid from being formed in formation of a conductive film or the like incontact with the upper edge of the wall face of the trench. The stepcoverage of the upper edge of the wall face of the trench and theconductive film or the like formed thereon can be improved, attainingreduction in contact resistance and ON resistance. In addition, stressconcentration on the upper edge can be mitigated compared with a casewith a square-cornered upper edge of the wall face of the trench,resulting in suppression of a leak current.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, it ispossible that the first source region and the second source region areexposed at the upper edge of the wall face of the trench and the firstsource region and the second source region which are exposed at theupper edge of the wall face of the trench are rounded. In this case, thecontact resistance between the first and second source regions exposedat the upper edge of the wall face of the trench and the conductive filmor the like formed thereon can be reduced.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, partsof the wall face of the trench from the upper edge to upper faces of thefirst source region and the second source region may be roundedentirely. Namely, when the upper edge of the wall face of the trench isrounded in the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicehaving short trench intervals, the entirety of the upper face of thesemiconductor layer between two trenches is rounded.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, it ispreferable to set a thickness of the second source region smaller than athickness of the first source region.

This ensures electrical contact with the source region and the bodyregion through the wall of the trench even in the case where the depthsof the trenches are uniform.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, thesecond source region preferably covers an entirety of the second bodyregion.

With this structure, formation of the gate so as to form the recessedpart in the upper part of the trench ensures electrical contact with thesource region through the wall of the trench.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, animpurity concentration of an upper part of the second body region ispreferably higher than an impurity concentration of a lower part of thesecond body region.

This ensures electrical contact with the second body region.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, it ispreferable that a gate region is formed so as to form a recessed part inan upper part of the trench and the second body region is exposed at awall face of the recessed part.

This ensures electrical contact with the first source region and thesecond source region while the second body region is in electricalcontact commonly with the first source region and the second sourceregion, resulting in a narrowed gate pitch to contemplate reduction insize of the devices.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, it ispreferable that a gate region is formed so as to form a recessed part inan upper part of the trench and the first source region and the secondsource region are exposed at the wall face of the recessed part and arein contact through the respective exposed parts and upper faces of therespective source regions.

This further increases the contact area between the common electrode andthe source region, resulting in further reduction in contact resistanceof the source region.

In the case where the second region is exposed at the wall face of therecessed part in the upper part of the trench and is in electricalcontact through the exposed part, it is possible that the second bodyregion includes, in an upper portion thereof, a heavily doped region ofwhich impurity concentration is relatively high and the heavily dopedregion is exposed at the wall face of the recessed part and is inelectrical contact through the exposed part. Or, the second sourceregion and the second body region may be exposed at the wall face of therecessed part and be in electrical contact through the respectiveexposed parts. Alternatively, an additional electrode overlaid from thesecond source region to the gate region may be provided with aninsulating film interposed, wherein the additional electrode is incontact with the second source region and the second body region at thewall face of the recessed part.

A second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device accordingto the present invention includes: a drain region; a first body regionformed over the drain region; a second body region formed over a part ofthe first body region; a first source region formed over another part ofthe first body region; a second source region formed over the secondbody region and electrically connected to the first source region; atrench formed through the first source region and the first body region;and a gate disposed in the trench, wherein the second source regionfunctions as an electrical contact for the first source region while thesecond body region functions as an electrical contact for the first bodyregion, an upper edge of a wall face of the trench is rounded, a gateregion is formed so as to form a recessed part in an upper part of thetrench, and the second body region is exposed at a wall face of therecessed part and is in electrical contact through the exposed part.

In the second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, thesecond body region is in electrical contact through the wall face of therecessed part above the gate in the trench, ensuring the contact areabetween the common electrode and the body region. Accordingly, voltagedifference in the body region in operation of the transistor can besuppressed, preventing a parasitic bipolar transistor from operating.

Further, the rounded upper edge of the wall of the trench prevents voidfrom being formed in formation of a conductive film or the like incontact with the upper edge of the wall face of the trench. The stepcoverage of the upper edge of the wall face of the trench and theconductive film or the like formed thereon can be improved, attainingreduction in contact resistance and ON resistance. In addition, stressconcentration on the upper edge can be mitigated compared with a casewith a square-cornered upper edge of the wall face of the trench,resulting in suppression of a leak current.

In the second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, itis possible that the first source region and the second source regionare exposed at the upper edge of the wall face of the trench and thefirst source region and the second source region which are exposed atthe upper edge of the wall face of the trench are rounded. In this case,the contact resistance between the first and second source regionsexposed at the upper edge the wall face of the trench and the conductivefilm or the like formed thereon can be reduced.

In the second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device,parts of the wall face of the trench from the upper edge to upper facesof the first source region and the second source region may be roundedentirely. Namely, when the upper edge of the wall of the trench isrounded in the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicehaving short trench intervals, the entirety of the upper face of thesemiconductor layer between two trenches is rounded.

In the second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, itis preferable to include an additional electrode overlaid from the firstsource region and the second source region to the gate region with aninsulating film interposed, wherein the additional electrode is incontact with the second source region and the second body region at thewall face of the recessed part.

With the above construction, the second source region and the secondbody region are commonly connected to the electrode surely.Specifically, both the first source region and the second source regioncan be in electrical contact with the source region, narrowing the gatepitch to contemplate further reduction in size of the device.

Further, in this case, it is preferable that the additional electrode iselectrically connected to the first source region and the second sourceregion. In this case, the source region can be in electrical contactwith both the first source region and the second source region.

In the second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, itis preferable that the second source region is thinner than the firstsource region.

This ensures electrical contact with the source region and the bodyregion even in the case where the depths of the trenches are uniform.

In the second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, itis preferable that the second body region includes a lower portion andan upper portion whose impurity concentration is higher than an impurityconcentration of the lower portion and the upper portion is exposed atthe wall face of the recessed part and is in electrical contact throughthe exposed part.

This further ensures electrical contact with the body region. In thiscase, also, it is possible that an additional electrode is formed overthe gate in the recessed part with an insulating layer interposed andthe additional electrode is in contact with the upper portion at thewall face of the recessed part.

A first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device fabricationmethod according to the present invention directs to a method forfabricating a vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicehaving a first portion functioning as a transistor and a second portionfunctioning as an electrical contact with a body region of thetransistor and arranged adjacent to the first portion, including: afirst step of forming a first drain region in the first portion and asecond drain region in the second portion, and forming a first bodyregion over the first drain region and a second body region over thesecond drain region; a second step of forming a trench in the first bodyregion and the second body region; a third step of forming a firstsource region over the first body region; a fourth step of forming asecond source region over the second body region; a fifth step offorming a gate within the trench so as to form a recessed part in anupper part of the trench after the second step; a sixth step of formingan insulating film for burying the recessed part after the fifth step;and a seventh step of removing an upper part of the insulating film androunding an upper edge of a wall face of the recessed part, wherein thefirst source region and the second source region are formed so as to beelectrically connected with each other.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method, the second source region is formed over the secondbody region of the second portion functioning as an electrical contactwith the body region. Accordingly, the contact area between the commonelectrode and the source region can be ensured sufficiently withoutreducing the layout area of the body contact region even if the distancebetween the gates is shortened in association with size reduction of thedevice. Hence, a compacted vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice can be attained with no increase in contact resistance of thesource region.

Further, in the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice fabrication method, each source region is formed (the third andfourth steps) after the trench formation (the second step), moderatingthermal treatment after the formation of the source regions. Thisenables control of impurity diffusion in the source regions, attainingreliable control of the device dimension.

Also, the rounding of the upper edge of the wall face of the recessedpart in the seventh step prevents void from being formed in formation ofa conductive film or the like in contact with the upper edge of the wallface of the trench in the following step. The step coverage of the upperedge of the wall face of the trench and the conductive film or the likeformed thereon can be improved, attaining reduction in contactresistance and ON resistance. In addition, stress concentration on theupper edge can be mitigated compared with a case with a square-corneredupper edge of the wall face of the trench, resulting in suppression of aleak current.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method, the upper part of the insulating film may be removedand the upper edge of the wall face of the recessed par may be roundedby dry etching in the seventh step.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method, in the seventh step, the dry etching may beperformed under a condition that a selection ratio of the insulatingfilm to a material exposed at the wall face of the recessed part is in arange between 2 and 5, both inclusive. In this case, the upper edge ofthe wall face of the recessed part can be rounded reliably.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method, the fourth step preferably includes a step ofsimultaneously introducing an impurity into respective parts to be thefirst source region and the second source region in the first portion.

This enables introduction of an impurity to the semiconductor region by,for example, ion implantation to the entirety of the semiconductorregion in the formation of the second source region. As a result, thesecond source region can be formed with no additional lithography stepcarried out.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method, it is preferable to form the second source region soas to cover an entirety of the second body region.

With the above structure, formation of the gate so as to form therecessed part in the upper part of the trench leads to electricalcontact with the source region through the wall face of the recessedpart in both the first portion and the second portion.

The first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method preferably includes an eighth step of forming aheavily-doped region over the second body region, wherein in the eighthstep, an impurity concentration of an upper part of the second bodyregion is set higher than an impurity concentration of a lower part ofthe second body region.

This further ensures electrical contact with the body region.

The first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method preferably includes a step of forming, on theinsulating film, an additional electrode electrically connected to thesecond body region after the seventh step.

This leads to electrical contact with the source region of both thefirst portion and the second portion and also leads to electricalcontact with the body region of the second portion in common to thesource region, resulting in a narrowed gate pitch to reduce the size ofthe devices.

The first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method preferably includes a step of forming, on theinsulating film, an additional electrode electrically connected to thesecond source region after the seventh step.

This increases the contact area between the common electrode (theadditional electrode) and the source region, resulting in furtherreduction in contact resistance of the source region.

In the first vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor fabricationmethod, it is preferable that the second body region and the secondsource region are exposed at the wall face of the recessed part in thefifth step and the method further includes the step of forming, on theinsulating film, an additional electrode electrically connected to thesecond body region and the second source region after the seventh step.

This ensures electrical contact with the source region of the firstportion and the second portion, and leads to electrical contact with thebody region of the second portion in common to the source region,resulting in a narrowed gate pitch to contemplate reduction in size ofthe devices. Further, the contact area between the common electrode (theadditional electrode) and the source region further increases, resultingin further reduction in contact resistance of the source region.

A second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method according to the present invention directs to amethod for fabricating a vertical trench gate transistor semiconductorhaving a first portion functioning as a transistor and a second portionfunctioning as an electrical contact with a body region of thetransistor and arranged adjacent to the first portion, includes: a firststep of forming a first drain region in the first portion and a seconddrain region in the second portion, and forming a first body region overthe first drain region and a second body region over the second drainregion; a second step of forming a trench in the first body region andthe second body region; a third step of forming a gate in the trench soas to form a recessed part in an upper part of the trench and so as toexpose the second body region at a wall face of the recessed part; afourth step of forming, in the recessed part, an additional electrodeelectrically connected to the second body region; a fifth step offorming a gate in the trench so as to form a recessed part in an upperpart of the trench after the second step; a sixth step of forming aninsulating film for burying the recessed part after the fifth step; anda seventh step of removing an upper part of the insulating film androunding an upper edge of a wall face of the recessed part after thesixth step.

According to the second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice fabrication method, the body region of the second portion can bein electrical contact through the wall face of the recessed part abovethe gate in the trench, ensuring the contact area between the commonelectrode (the additional electrode) and the body region. Hence, voltagedifference in the body region in operation of the transistor can besuppressed, preventing a parasitic bipolar transistor from operating.

In the second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method, the upper part of the insulating film may be removedand the upper edge of the wall face of the recessed part may be roundedby dry etching in the seventh step.

In the second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method, it is preferable to perform, in the seventh step,the dry etching under a condition that a selection ratio of theinsulating film to a material exposed at the wall face of the recessedpart is in a range between 2 and 5, both inclusive.

The second vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor devicefabrication method preferably includes an eighth step of forming aheavily-doped region over the second body region, wherein in the eighthstep, an impurity concentration of an upper part of the second bodyregion is set higher than an impurity concentration of a lower part ofthe second body region.

This further ensures electrical contact with the body region. In thiscase, the upper part is exposed at the wall of the recessed part.

It is preferable that the trench has a width of 0.3 μm or less and thetrench has an aspect ratio of 3 or more.

Further, the number of the trenches may be 400 or more.

A third vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device accordingto the present invention includes: a first conductivity type firstsemiconductor layer serving as a drain region; a second conductivitytype second semiconductor layer formed over the first semiconductorlayer and serving as a body region; a first conductivity type thirdsemiconductor layer formed over the second semiconductor layer andserving as a source region; a trench formed through the secondsemiconductor layer and the third semiconductor layer; a gate formed inthe trench; and an electrode formed over the third semiconductor layer,wherein a second conductivity type fourth semiconductor layer which doesnot reach a surface of the third semiconductor layer and is exposed at awall face of the trench is formed in a part of the third semiconductorlayer formed along a direction along which the gate extends, the fourthsemiconductor layer is electrically isolated from the gate and iselectrically connected to the electrode at an upper part of the trench,and an upper edge of the wall face of the trench is rounded.

In the third vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, thesecond conductivity type fourth semiconductor layer (the second bodyregion) is formed in a part of the first conductivity type thirdsemiconductor layer. Accordingly, the contact area between the commonelectrode and the source region can be ensured sufficiently withoutreducing the layout area of the body contact region even if the distancebetween the gates is shortened in association with size reduction of thedevice. Hence, a compacted vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice can be attained with no increase in contact resistance of thesource region.

Further, the rounded upper edge of the wall face of the trench preventsvoid from being formed in formation of a conductive film or the like incontact with the upper edge of the wall face of the trench. The stepcoverage of the upper edge of the wall face of the trench and theconductive film or the like formed thereon can be improved, attainingreduction in contact resistance and ON resistance. In addition, stressconcentration on the upper edge can be mitigated compared with a casewith a square-cornered upper edge of the wall face of the trench,resulting in suppression of a leak current.

A fourth vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device accordingto the present invention includes: a first conductivity type firstsemiconductor layer serving as a drain region; a second conductivitytype second semiconductor layer formed over the first semiconductorlayer and serving as a body region; a first conductivity type thirdsemiconductor layer formed over the second semiconductor layer andserving as a source region; a trench formed through the secondsemiconductor layer and the third semiconductor layer; a gate formed inthe trench; an insulating film formed on the gate in the trench; and anelectrode formed on the third semiconductor layer and the insulatingfilm, wherein a second conductivity type fourth semiconductor layerwhich does not reach a surface of the third semiconductor layer and isexposed at a wall face of the trench is formed in a part of the thirdsemiconductor layer formed along a direction along which the gateextends, the fourth semiconductor layer is electrically connected to theelectrode at an upper part of the trench, and an upper edge of the wallface of the trench is rounded.

In the fourth vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device, thesecond conductivity type fourth semiconductor layer (the second bodyregion) is formed in a part of the first conductivity type thirdsemiconductor layer. Accordingly, the contact area between the commonelectrode and the source region can be ensured sufficiently withoutreducing the layout area of the body contact region even if the distancebetween the gates is shortened in association with size reduction of thedevice. Hence, a compacted vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice can be attained with no increase in contact resistance with thethird region.

Further, the rounded upper edge of the wall face of the trench preventsvoid from being formed in formation of a conductive film or the like onthe upper edge of the wall face of the trench. The step coverage of theupper edge of the wall face of the trench and the conductive film or thelike formed thereon can be improved, attaining reduction in contactresistance and ON resistance. In addition, stress concentration on theupper edge can be mitigated compared with a case with a square-corneredupper edge of the wall face of the trench, resulting in suppression of aleak current.

In the third and fourth vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevices, it is possible that the third semiconductor layer is exposed atthe upper edge of the wall face of the trench and the thirdsemiconductor layer exposed at the upper edge of the wall face of thetrench is rounded. In this case, the contact resistance between thethird semiconductor layer, which is exposed at the upper edge of thewall of the trench, and the conductive film formed thereon can bereduced.

In the third and fourth vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevices, a part of the wall face of the trench from the upper edge to anupper face of the third semiconductor layer may be rounded entirely.Namely, when the upper edge of the wall face of the trench is rounded inthe vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device having shorttrench intervals, the entirety of the upper face of the semiconductorlayer between two trenches is rounded.

In the third and fourth vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevices, the fourth semiconductor layer may be formed periodically inthe third semiconductor layer along a direction along which the trenchextends.

In the third and fourth vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevices, it is possible that the trench is formed in plural parts, awidth of each of the trenches is set to 0.3 μm or less, and intervalsbetween the plural trenches are set to 0.3 μm or less.

In the third and fourth vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevices, each of the trenches may have an aspect ratio of 3 or more.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part ofthe specification, together with the description serve to explain theprinciples of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are respectively a section and a plan view of aconventional vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device.

FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are sections of another conventional vertical trenchgate transistor semiconductor device and FIG. 2C is a plan view of thisvertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device.

FIG. 3 is a bird's eye view of a vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 4A is a section of a first region taken along a line a-a′ of FIG.3, FIG. 4B is a section of a second region taken along a line b-b′ ofFIG. 3, and FIG. 4C is a plan view of the vertical trench gatetransistor semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 5 is a section taken along a line c-c′ of FIG. 4C.

FIG. 6A is a diagram schematically showing a structure in section of afirst region functioning as a transistor in the vertical trench gatetransistor semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of thepresent invention, and FIG. 6B is a diagram schematically showing astructure in section of a second region for electrical contact with thebody region of the transistor in the vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 7A through FIG. 7F are sections respectively showing steps of avertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device fabricating methodaccording to the first embodiment of the present invention, whereinFIGS. 7A, 7C and 7E show states in which the first region functioning asa transistor is formed and FIGS. 7B, 7D and 7F show states in which thesecond region for electrical contact with the body region of thetransistor is formed.

FIG. 8A through FIG. 8F are sections respectively showing steps of thevertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device fabricating methodaccording to the first embodiment of the present invention, whereinFIGS. 8A, 8C and 8E show states in which the first region functioning asa transistor is formed and FIGS. 8B, 8D and 8F show states in which thesecond region for electrical contact with the body region of thetransistor is formed.

FIG. 9A through FIG. 9F are sections respectively showing steps of thevertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device fabricating methodaccording to the first embodiment of the present invention, whereinFIGS. 9A, 9C and 9E show states in which the first region functioning asa transistor is formed and FIGS. 9B, 9D and 9F show states in which thesecond region for electrical contact with the body region of thetransistor is formed.

FIG. 10A through FIG. 10F are sections respectively showing steps of thevertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device fabricating methodaccording to the first embodiment of the present invention, whereinFIGS. 10A, 10C and 10E show states in which the first region functioningas a transistor is formed and FIGS. 10B, 10D and 10F show states inwhich the second region for electrical contact with the body region ofthe transistor is formed.

FIG. 11A through FIG. 11F are sections respectively showing steps of thevertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device fabricating methodaccording to the first embodiment of the present invention, whereinFIGS. 11A, 11C and 11E show states in which the first region functioningas a transistor is formed and FIGS. 11B, 11D and 11F show states inwhich the second region for electrical contact with the body region ofthe transistor is formed.

FIG. 12A through FIG. 12F are sections respectively showing steps of avertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device fabricating methodaccording to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIGS.12A, 12C and 12E show states in which the first region functioning as atransistor is formed and FIGS. 12B, 12D and 12F show states in which thesecond region for electrical contact with the body region of thetransistor is formed.

FIGS. 13A and 13B are sections respectively showing steps of thevertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device fabricating methodaccording to the second embodiment of the present invention, whereinFIG. 13A shows states in which the first region functioning as atransistor is formed and FIG. 13B shows states in which the secondregion for electrical contact with the body region of the transistor isformed.

FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B are sections showing a construction of a verticaltrench gate transistor semiconductor device in which trench intervalsare shortened.

FIG. 15A is a section showing a sate where a Zener diode is provided inthe vicinity of a transistor part in the vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device according to the first or second embodiment of thepresent invention, and FIG. 15B is a diagram schematically showing acircuit structure of the device shown in FIG. 15A.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment

A vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device according to thefirst embodiment of the present invention will be described below withreference to accompanying drawing. It is noted that the vertical trenchgate transistor semiconductor device in the present embodiment isintended to compact the device without increase in contact resistance ofthe source region invited.

FIG. 3 is a bird's eye view (3-dimentional view) of the vertical trenchgate transistor semiconductor device of the present embodiment. As shownin FIG. 3, in the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor deviceof the present embodiment, a semiconductor layer 110 is formed on aN⁺-type silicon substrate 100 serving as a first conductivity typesemiconductor substrate by, for example, an epitaxial growth method. Aplurality of trenches extending in stripes in the aforementionedsemiconductor layer 110 are formed and a vertical gate electrode 120 isburied in each of the trenches. Also, a buried insulating film 130 isformed on the vertical gate electrode 120 in each trench. Wherein, thelevel of the uppermost face of the buried insulating film 130 is lowerthan the level of the surface of the semiconductor layer 110. Aninsulating material 140 serving as a gate insulating film intervenesbetween the vertical gate electrode 120 (specifically, the side face andthe bottom face thereof) and the semiconductor layer 110. It is notedthat the width of each trench in which the vertical gate electrode 120is buried is set to about 0.25 μm and the intervals between therespective trenches are set to about 0.25 μm in the present embodiment.Further, the depth of each trench is set to 1.25 μm. Accordingly, theaspect ratio of each trench is about 5. Herein, the depth of each trenchis a distance from the surface of a source region 113 described later tothe bottom of the trench. Further, in the present embodiment, the numberof the trenches is about 1500. In detail, about 1500 trenches arearranged in parallel and extend continuously across a first region 11and a second region 12 (see FIG. 4C). A common electrode (metal wiring)170 having a laminated structure of a barrier metal film 160 and analuminum film 150 is formed, through not shown, on the semiconductorlayer 110 including a recessed part above the buried insulating film 130in each trench (see FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B).

As shown in FIG. 3, the semiconductor layer 110 periodically changes ina longitudinal direction (y direction in FIG. 3) of the trenchesarranged in stripes which intersects at a right angle with a widthdirection (x direction in FIG. 3) of the trenches. In detail, thesemiconductor layer 110 includes the first region 11 functioning as atransistor and the second region 12 functioning as an electrical contactwith the body region of the transistor which are arranged alternately inthe longitudinal direction of the trenches, namely, in the y direction(see FIG. 4C). In other words, the semiconductor layer 110 changes fromthe first region 11 to the second region 12 at a given point as aboundary in the y direction.

FIG. 4A is a section of the first region 11 taken along a line a-a′ ofFIG. 3, and FIG. 4B is a section of the second region 12 taken along aline b-b′ of FIG. 3. FIG. 4C is a schematic plan view showing thestructure of the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device ofthe present embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a section taken along a line c-c′of FIG. 4C. It is noted that FIG. 4A also serves as a section takenalong a line a-a′ of FIG. 4C and FIG. 4B serves as a section taken alonga line b-b′ of FIG. 4C, also.

As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, in each of the first region 11 and thesecond region 12, the semiconductor layer 110 includes a drain region111 of a first conductivity type (e.g., N-type) semiconductor layer, anda body region 112 of a second conductivity type (reverse polarity of thefirst conductivity type: e.g., P-type) semiconductor layer, which isformed on the drain region 111 and through which the gate trench passes.In other words, the drain region 111 and the body region 112 extendthrough the entirety of the semiconductor layer 110 including the firstregion 11 and the second region 12.

It is noted that in the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice in the present embodiment, a ratio of layout areas between thefirst region 11 and the second region 12 is determined according to avalue of an allowable current that allows a current to flow to thetransistor of the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device.Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the ratio l:m of the layout areasbetween the first region 11 and the second region 12 (ratio of thelengths in the y direction) is set to about 5:1 in the case where thedevice is composed of transistors that operate with a low current and isset to about 3:1 in the case where the device is composed of transistorsthat operate with a high current. Thus, in the case where the length ofthe gate trench is about 6 μm in the y direction and the device iscomposed of transistors that operate with a low current, the firstregion 11 has a length l of 5 μm in the y direction and the secondregion 12 has a length m of about 1 μm in the y direction.

Herein, as shown in FIG. 4A, the semiconductor layer 110 of the firstregion 11 includes a source region 113A, which is formed of a firstconductivity type (e.g., N⁺-type) semiconductor layer, on the bodyregion 112.

On the other hand, as one of the significant features of the presentembodiment, as shown in FIG. 4B, the semiconductor layer 110 of thesecond region 12 includes, on the body region 112, a body contact region114 of a second conductivity type (e.g., P⁺-type) and a source region113B of the first conductivity type (e.g., N⁺-type). The source region113B is formed so as to cover the entirety of the upper part of the bodycontact region 114 and is electrically connected with the source region113A of the first region 11. The thickness of the source region 113B isless than that of the source region 113A. Further, the impurityconcentration of the body contact region 114 is higher than that of thebody region 112.

Namely, the semiconductor layer 110 of the first region 11 has astructure in which the source region 113A is formed on the body region112 and the surface of the source region 113A serves as the principalplane of the semiconductor layer 110. On the other hand, thesemiconductor layer 110 of the second region 12 has a structure in whichthe body contact region 114 is formed on the body region 112, the sourceregion 113B is formed on the body contact region 114, and the surface ofthe source region 113B serves as the principal plane of thesemiconductor layer 110.

FIG. 6A is a diagram schematically showing the structure in section ofthe first region 11 functioning as a transistor and FIG. 6B is a diagramschematically showing the structure in section of the second region 12functioning as an electrical contact with the body region. Wherein, inFIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, the same reference numerals are used for the samecomponents as in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B and the detailed descriptionthereof is omitted.

A N-channel vertical trench gate DMOS transistor is exemplified as thevertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device of the presentembodiment. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the vertical trench gatetransistor semiconductor device of the present invention includes: asilicon substrate 100 of a N⁺-type semiconductor substrate with a N-type(first conductivity type) impurity doped; a semiconductor layer 110having a N-type drain region 111 and a P-type (second conductivity type)body region 112 which are formed on the silicon substrate 100; avertical gate electrode 120 buried in a trench (a gate trench), which isformed in the semiconductor layer 110, with an insulating material 140interposed; a buried insulating film 130 covering the upper face of thevertical gate electrode 120; and a common electrode 170 having alaminated structure of an aluminum film 150 to be a wring material and abarrier metal film 160.

Herein, as one of the significant features of the present embodiment,the vertical gate electrode 120, the insulating film 130, and theinsulting material 140 surrounding the vertical gate electrode 120 areburied so as to form a recessed part (above-gate recessed part) in theupper part of the gate trench in each of the first region 11 and thesecond region 12, and the common electrode 170 is formed on thesemiconductor layer 110 including the above-gate recessed part. Wherein,the buried insulating film 130 insulates the vertical gate electrode 120from the common electrode 170.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6A, the first region 11 functioning as atransistor includes the source region 113A formed on the body region 112so as to face the upper part of the vertical gate electrode 120. Thesource region 113A is formed in the upper portion of the semiconductorlayer 110, so that the surface of the source region 113A serves as thesurface of the semiconductor layer 110. A part of the source region 113Ais exposed at the wall face of the above-gate recessed part so that theexposed part 13 and the upper face 14 of the source region 113A are incontact with the common electrode 170. In the N-channel vertical trenchgate DMOS transistor of the present embodiment having the abovestructure, the source region 113A is insulated electrically from thegate electrode 120 by means of the buried insulating film 130 and theinsulating material 140 for realizing a function as a transistor. When ahigh voltage is applied between the source electrode (i.e., the commonelectrode 170) and the drain electrode (not shown in the drawings) and avoltage higher than the threshold voltage is applied between the gateelectrode 120 and the source region 113A, a n-type inversion layer(i.e., channel layer) is formed at the interface between the insulatingmaterial 140 to be a gate insulating film and the P-type body region 112(i.e., two interface on both sides of the gate electrode 120), as shownin FIG. 6A, so that a current 17 flows from the drain region 111 to thesource region 113A through the inversion layer. When the voltage appliedto the gate electrode 120 is lower than the threshold voltage, no n-typeinversion layer is formed in the body region 112, so that the verticaltrench gate DMOS transistor is in OFF state between the source and thedrain.

As shown in FIG. 6B, the second region 12 functioning as an electricalcontact with the body region 112 includes the body contact region 114formed on the body region 112 and the source region 113B formed on thebody contact region 114. In detail, the source region 113B is formed inthe uppermost portion of the semiconductor layer 110 so that the surfaceof the source region 113B serves as the surface of the semiconductorlayer 110, and the surface of the source region 113B covers the upperface of the body contact region 114. The body region 112 and the bodycontact region 114 are in contact with each other and the body contactregion 114 and the source region 113B are in contact with each other.Further, a part of the source region 113B and a part of the body contactregion 114 are exposed at the wall face of the above-gate recessed partso that each exposed part 15 and 16 and the upper face 14 of the sourceregion 113B are in contact with the common electrode 170. In detail, thebody contact region 114 is in contact with the common electrode 170 atthe wall face of the above-gate recessed part and the source region 113Bis in contact with the common electrode 170 at the wall face of theabove-gate recessed part and the surface of the semiconductor layer 110.In this manner, the common electrode 170 is commonly connected to thesource region 113B and the body contact region 114, thereby preventing aparasitic bipolar transistor from being in ON state. Specifically, in acase of a device composed of transistors that operate with a lowcurrent, the body contact region 114 is set so as to be in contact withthe common electrode 170 at the wall face of the above-gate recessedpart of which height is, for example, greater than 100 nm, if the arearatio (l:m) between the first region 11 and the second region 12 is 5:1.

Herein, as shown in FIG. 3, the semiconductor layer 110 forming theupper edge (upper end) of the trench has a rounded shape. In detail, thesource region 113A forming the upper edge of the trench in the firstregion 11 is rounded as shown in FIG. 6A and the source region 113Bforming the upper edge of the trench in the second region 12 is alsorounded as shown in FIG. 6B.

Description will be made below about a method for fabricating the abovedescribed vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device (see FIG.3 and the like) of the present embodiment by exemplifying a method forfabricating a N-channel vertical trench gate DMOS transistor, withreference to the drawings.

FIG. 7A through FIG. 7F, FIG. 8A through FIG. 8F, FIG. 9A through FIG.9F, FIG. 10A through FIG. 10F and FIG. 11A through FIG. 11F are sectionsshowing steps of the method for fabricating the vertical trench gatetransistor semiconductor device of the present embodiment. Wherein,FIGS. 7A, 7C and 7E, FIGS. 8A, 8C and 8E, FIGS. 9A, 9C and 9E, FIGS.10A, 10C and 10E and FIGS. 11A, 11C and 11E show states in which thefirst region 11 functioning as a transistor is formed, and FIGS. 7B, 7Dand 7F, FIGS. 8B, 8D and 8F, FIGS. 9B, 9D and 9F, FIGS. 10B, 10D and 10Fand FIGS. 11B, 11D and 11F show states in which the second region 12functioning as an electrical contact with the body region of thetransistor is formed. As described above, the first region 11 and thesecond region 12 are arranged adjacent to each other alternately along adirection along which the trench gate extends. In FIG. 7A through FIG.7F, FIG. 8A through FIG. 8F, FIG. 9A through FIG. 9F, FIG. 10A throughFIG. 10F and FIG. 11A through FIG. 11F, the same reference numerals areassigned to the same components as those in FIG. 3, FIG. 4A and FIG. 4Band the detailed description thereof is omitted.

First, as shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, after a lightly doped firstconductivity type (e.g., N-type) semiconductor layer (epitaxial layer)110 is formed on a silicon substrate 100 of a heavily doped firstconductivity type (e.g., N⁺-type) semiconductor substrate by, forexample, an epitaxial growth method, the second conductivity type (e.g.,P-type) impurity is implanted to the upper portion of the semiconductorlayer 110. Whereby, the semiconductor layer 110 composed of the firstconductivity type (e.g., N-type) drain region 111 and the secondconductivity type (e.g., P-type) body region 112 formed thereon isformed in each of the first region 11 and the second region 12.Subsequently, a silicon oxide film 300 having a thickness of about 50 to500 nm is formed on the surface of the semiconductor layer 110 by, forexample, thermal oxidation. It is noted that the body region 112 may beformed by ion implantation or epitaxial growth. Wherein, in order toobtain a stable impurity concentration of the body region 112 where achannel layer is to be formed, the epitaxial growth is the most suitablemethod for forming the body region 112.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7C and FIG. 7D, a resist pattern 400 having anopening at a portion corresponding to the gate trench formation regionis formed on the silicon oxide film 300. Subsequently, dry etching isperformed to the silicon oxide film 300, using the resist pattern 400 asa mask. After removing the resist pattern 400 as shown in FIG. 7E andFIG. 7F, dry etching is performed to the semiconductor layer 110 usingthe thus patterned silicon oxide film 300 as a mask, whereby a pluralityof trenches 500 are formed each of which passes through the body region112 and reaches the upper part of the drain region 111. The depth ofeach trench 500 is in a range between about 0.8 and 3.0 μm, for example,and the intervals between the trenches 500 are equal in the case wherethree or more trenches 500 are arranged. The trenches 500 extendcontinuously across the body region 112 in the first region 11 and thesecond region 12.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B, in order to remove a damagedlayer at the wall part and the bottom part of each trench 500, a siliconoxide film 600 having a thickness of 200 to 100 nm is formed at the wallpart and the bottom part of each trench 500 by thermal oxidation, forexample.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8C and FIG. 8D, the silicon oxide film 600 formedon the inner wall of each trench 500 is removed by wet etching, forexample. Though the silicon oxide film 300 on the semiconductor layer110 is also etched to some extent at this time, the silicon oxide film300 has a sufficient thickness on the semiconductor layer 110 even afterthe removal of the silicon oxide film 600.

Then, as shown in FIG. 8E and FIG. 8F, an insulating material 140, whichis, for example, an oxide film or the like having a thickness of about 8to 100 nm, is formed on the wall face and the bottom face of each trench500. The insulating material 140 is SiO₂ and functions as a gateinsulating film.

Then, as shown in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B, after a conductive film to be amaterial of the gate electrode, for example, a polysilicon layer 900 isdeposited on the surface of the silicon oxide film 300 including theinner wall of each trench 500, an impurity for forming a gate electrodeis implanted to the polysilicon film 900, and then, a thermal treatmentis performed. In this treatment, the polysilicon layer 900 is depositedto have a thickness of, for example, 300 to 8000 nm on the surface ofthe silicon oxide film 300. It is noted that it is possible to deposit apolysilicon film, in which an impurity (e.g., phosphorus) for forming agate electrode is doped, directly on the silicon oxide film 300 by, forexample, CVD (chemical vapor deposition), instead that the impurityimplantation is performed separately after the deposition of thepolysilicon film 900.

Then, as shown in FIG. 9C and FIG. 9D, etching is performed to theentirety of the polysilicon film 900 to remove a part of the polysiliconfilm 900 located over the surface of the silicon oxide film 300 and apart of the polysilicon film 900 located in the upper part of eachtrench 500, so that the vertical gate electrode 120 is formed insideeach trench 500. The etching to the polysilicon film 900 in each trench500 is performed to etch it down to, for example, about 200 to 800 nmfrom the surface of the silicon oxide film 300. Accordingly, a concavepart 500 a is formed above the vertical gate electrode 120 in eachtrench 500.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9E and FIG. 9F, a silicon oxide film 1100is formed to have a thickness of, for example, about 400 to 800 nm onthe surface of the silicon oxide film 300 and in the concave part 500 ato fill the concave part 500 a.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B, etch back for planarizationusing a resist is performed to the silicon oxide film 1100 and thesilicon oxide film 300 sequentially to remove the silicon oxide film 300and the silicon oxide film 1100 so as to equalize the level of theuppermost face of the silicon oxide film 1100 in the concave part 500 aabove the vertical gate electrode 120 to the level of the surface of thesemiconductor layer 110. Whereby, each trench 500 is filled with thesilicon oxide film 1100 and the vertical gate electrode 120.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 10C and FIG. 10D, a second conductivitytype impurity (e.g., P-type boron) 1350 is implanted to the surfaceportion of the semiconductor layer 110 of the second region 12, using aresist pattern 1300 covering the semiconductor layer 110 of the firstregion 11 as a mask. Thus, the second conductivity type (e.g., P⁺-type)body contact region 114 having a higher impurity concentration than thatof the body region 112 is formed in the surface portion of thesemiconductor layer 110 of the second region 12, namely, over the bodyregion 112 of the second region 12.

Next, after removing the resist pattern 1300, a first conductivity typeimpurity (e.g., N-type phosphorus) 1450 is implanted to the surfaceportion of the semiconductor layer 110 of the first region 11, using aresist pattern 1400 covering the semiconductor layer 110 of the secondregion 12 as a mask, as shown in FIG. 10E and FIG. 10F. Thus, the firstconductivity type (e.g., N⁺-type) source region 113A is formed in thesurface portion of the semiconductor layer 110 of the first region 11,namely, over the body region 112 of the first region 11.

Next, after removing the resist pattern 1400, a first conductivity typeimpurity (e.g., N-type phosphorus) 1500 is implanted to the entiresurface portion of the semiconductor layer 110, as shown in FIG. 11A andFIG. 11B. Thus, the first conductivity type (e.g., N⁺-type) sourceregion 113B is formed in the surface portion of the semiconductor layer110 of the second region 12. It is noted that the depth of the sourceregion 113B is shallower than the depth of the body contact region 114in the semiconductor layer 110 of the second region 12. Namely, the ionimplantation is performed so that the N⁺-type source region 113B isformed in the upper portion of the P⁺-type body contact region 114.Also, the thickness of the source region 113B of the second region 12 issmaller than the thickness of the source region 113A of the first region11. Because, the N-type impurity (phosphorus), which is a reverseconductivity type of the P-type in the body contact region 114, isimplanted. In the present embodiment, the source region 113B is formedso as to cover the entirety of the body contact region 114 of the secondregion 12. The impurity concentration of the source region 113A is a sumof each concentration of the implanted impurities 1450 and 1500.

Next, as shown in FIG. 11C and FIG. 11D, respective parts of the siliconoxide film 1100 and the insulating material 140 on the vertical gateelectrode 120 in each trench 500 are removed by dry etching, forexample, so that a recessed part 500 b is formed above the vertical gateelectrode 120 in each trench 500 and the source regions 113A, 113Bexposed at the upper edge (upper end) of the recessed part 500 b arerounded. The conditions of this dry etching are adjusted so that theselection ratio of silicon to the silicon oxide film 1100 is in therange between 2 and 5, both inclusive, thereby efficiently rounding thesource regions 113A, 113B exposed at the upper edge of the recessed part500 b.

The etching to the silicon oxide film 1100 and the insulating material140 on the vertical gate electrode 120 shown in FIG. 11C and FIG. 11D isperformed so as to expose the source region 113A at the wall face of therecessed part 500 b of the first region 11 and so as to expose the bodycontact region 114 and the source region 113B at the wall face of therecessed part 500 b of the second region 12. In detail, the dry etchingto the silicon oxide film 1100 and the insulating material 140 in eachtrench 500 is performed to etch them down to about 100 to 300 nm, forexample, from the surface of the semiconductor layer 110. This dryetching is stopped before the silicon oxide film 1100 on the verticalgate electrode 120 is thoroughly removed with the buried insulating film130 left on the vertical gate electrode 120. This buried insulating film130 electrically insulates the vertical gate electrode 120 from thecommon electrode 170 (shown in FIG. 11E and FIG. 11F).

Next, as shown in FIG. 11E and FIG. 11F, after the barrier metal film160 and the conductive film (e.g., aluminum film) 150 for wiring aresequentially deposited on the surface of the semiconductor layer 110including a part on the buried insulating film 130 in the recessed part500 b, the aluminum film 150 and the barrier metal film 160 arepatterned to form the common electrode 170. Thus, the source region 113Aand the common electrode 170 are electrically connected to each other atthe wall face of the recessed part 500 b of the first region 11.Further, it is needless to say that the source region 113A iselectrically connected to the common electrode 170 at the upper facethereof. In addition, at the wall face of the recessed part 500 b of thesecond region 12, the body contact region 114 and the source region 113Bare electrically connected to the common electrode 170. In other words,the source region 113B and the body contact region 114 are surelyconnected to the electrode 170 commonly at the wall face of each gatetrench 500 of the second region 12. Also, it is needless to say that thesource region 113B is electrically connected at the upper face thereofto the common electrode 170.

In the above described first embodiment, the source region 113Belectrically connected to the source region 113A of the first region 11functioning as a transistor is formed over the body region 112(specifically, the body contact region 114 in the upper portion of thebody region 112) in the second region 12 functioning as an electricalcontact with the body region 112. In other words, the surface of thesource region 113B, instead of the surface of the body contact region114, serves as the surface of the semiconductor layer 110 in thevicinity of each trench 500. Therefore, the contact area between thecommon electrode 170 and the source region can be sufficiently ensuredwithout reduction in layout area of the body contact region 114 even inthe case where the intervals between the gate electrodes 120 areshortened in association with size reduction of the device. Hence, acompact vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device is realizedwith no increase in contact resistance of the source region.

In the first embodiment, the body region 112 (specifically, the bodycontact region 114 in the upper portion of the body region 112) of thesecond region 12 is electrically connected through the wall face of therecessed part 500 b (see FIG. 11D and FIG. 11F) above the gate electrode120 in each trench 500, and therefore, the contact area between thecommon electrode 170 and the body contact region 114 can be surelyensured. Hence, a potential difference is prevented from being caused inthe body region 112 in the operation of the transistors, with a resultthat operation of a parasitic bipolar transistor can be prevented.

In the first embodiment, the source regions 113A and 113B are formed inthe entire surface of the semiconductor layer 110 and on the wall partof each trench 500. In other words, as shown in FIG. 5, the respectivesurfaces of the source regions 113A and 113B serve as the surface of thesemiconductor layer 110 and the source regions 113A and 113B are exposedat the wall face of the recessed part 500 b above the gate electrode120. Accordingly, each exposed part and the respective surfaces (theupper faces) of the source regions 113A and 113B are in contact with thecommon electrode 170, so that the contact area between the commonelectrode 170 and the source region increases, with a result of furtherreduction in contact resistance of the source region. Specifically, incomparison with a case where the source region is not formed in theentire surface portion of the semiconductor layer 110 as in conventionalcases, namely, the case where the source region is not formed over thebody contact region 114 of the second region 12, ON resistance of thetransistors can be reduced.

In the first embodiment, in addition to electrical contact of both thefirst region 11 and the second region 12 with the source regions 113Aand 113B, the body region 112 (the body contact region 114) is inelectrical contact in common to the source region 113B in the secondregion 12. Hence, the intervals between the gate electrodes 120 can bereduced, and accordingly, further size reduction of the device ispromoted.

In the first embodiment, the source region 113B of the second region 12is smaller in thickness than the source region 113A of the first region11. Therefore, electrical contact of the source region 113B and the bodycontact region 114 through the wall face of each trench 500(specifically, the recessed part 500 b) of the second region 12 can beensured even in the case where the depth of each gate trench 500 of thesecond region 12 is the same as that of each gate trench 500 of thefirst region 11.

Further, in the first embodiment, the source region 113B covers theentirety of the body contact region 114 of the second region 12.Therefore, the formation of the gate electrode 120 to form the recessedpart 500 b in the upper part of each trench 500 allows the source region113A and 113B to be in electrical contact through the wall face of therecessed part 500 b in each of the first region 11 and the second region12.

Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the body contact region 114 havinga higher impurity concentration than that of the other part of the bodyregion 112 is formed in the upper portion of the body region 112 of thesecond region 12, and hence, electrical contact with the body region 112is further ensured.

Moreover, in the first embodiment, the source regions 113A and 113B areformed after the formation of the trenches 500, with a result that thethermal treatment step after the formation of the source regions can bemoderated. Accordingly, impurity diffusion in the source regions 113Aand 113B can be controlled, and therefore, the device dimension can beaccurately controlled. Hence, transistor characteristics as designed canbe easily attained.

Further, in the first embodiment, the impurity is introduced to parts tobe the source regions 113A and 113B of the semiconductor layer 110 byion implantation simultaneously with the formation of the source region113B of the second region 12. In other words, the ion implantation isperformed to the entirety of the semiconductor layer 110. As a result,the source region 113B can be formed without an additional lithographystep involved.

In addition, in the first embodiment, the source regions 113A, 113Bforming the upper edge of each trench are rounded, so that void isprevented from being formed in the barrier metal film 160 and theconductive film 150 for wiring in the step of forming the barrier metalfilm 160 and the conductive film 150 for wiring on the source regions113A, 113B. Further, the step coverage of the source regions 113A, 113Band the barrier metal film 160 or the conductive film 150 for wiring canbe improved, enabling reduction in contact resistance of the sourceregions 113A, 113B and reduction in ON resistance. In addition, stressconcentration on the upper edge of each trench from the barrier metalfilm 160 and the conductive film 150 for wiring can be mitigatedcompared with a case with a square-cornered upper edge of each trench,thereby suppressing a leak current.

It is noted that in the first embodiment, the step of forming the sourceregion 113A of the first region 11 as shown in FIG. 10E and FIG. 10F isperformed after the step of forming the body contact region 114 as shownin FIG. 10C and FIG. 10D. However, it is, of course, possible to performthe step of forming the body contact region 114 after the step offorming the source region 113A of the first region 11.

Second Embodiment

A vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device and a method offabricating it according to the second embodiment of the presentinvention will be described below with reference to the drawings. It isnoted that the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device inthe present embodiment is intended to compact the device withoutincrease in contact resistance of the source region invited, similar tothe first embodiment.

The difference of the present embodiment from the first embodiment isthat a region (corresponding to the body contact region 114 in the firstembodiment) having a relatively high impurity concentration (e.g.,5×10¹⁹ to 1×10²⁰ count/cm³) is not formed in the upper portion of thebody region 112 having a relatively low impurity concentration (e.g., inthe order of 10¹⁷ count/cm³) in the second region 12 (see FIG. 11B andFIG. 13B). Wherein, the body region 112 of the second region 12 in thepresent embodiment has an impurity concentration (e.g., in the order of10¹⁸ count/cm³) which enables sufficient Ohmic contact with the commonelectrode 170.

The vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device fabricatingmethod in the present embodiment is the same as in the first embodimentuntil the step shown in FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B. Namely, in the presentembodiment, the same steps as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 7Athrough FIG. 7F, FIG. 8A through FIG. 8F, FIG. 9A through FIG. 9F andFIG. 10A and FIG. 10B are performed in the present embodiment. FIG. 12Athrough FIG. 12F and FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are sections respectivelyshowing the steps after the steps shown in FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B in thevertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device fabricating methodof the present embodiment. Wherein, FIG. 12A, FIG. 12C, FIG. 12E andFIG. 13A show states in which the first region 11 functioning as atransistor is formed and FIG. 12B, FIG. 12D, FIG. 12F and FIG. 13B showstates in which the second region 12 functioning as an electricalcontact with the body region of the transistor is formed. As describedabove, the first region 11 and the second region 12 are arrangedalternately along the direction along which each trench gate extends soas to be adjacent to each other. Further, the same reference numerals asin FIG. 3, FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B and the like are assigned to the samecomponents in FIGS. 12A through 12F and FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B and thedetailed description thereof is omitted.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, after the step shown in FIG.10A and FIG. 10B, the impurity implantation is not performed for formingthe body contact region (the step shown in FIG. 10C and FIG. 10D in thefirst embodiment) and the first conductivity type impurity (e.g., N-typephosphorus) 1450 is implanted to the surface portion of thesemiconductor layer 110 of the first region 11, using the resist pattern1400 covering the semiconductor layer 110 of the second region 12 as amask. Thus, the first conductivity type (e.g., N⁺-type) source region113A is formed in the surface portion of the semiconductor layer 110 ofthe first region 11, namely, over the body region 112 of the firstregion 11.

Next, after removing the resist pattern 1400, the first conductivitytype impurity (e.g., N-type phosphorus) 1500 is implanted to theentirety of the surface portion of the semiconductor layer 110, as shownin FIG. 12C and FIG. 12D. Thus, the first conductivity type (e.g.,N⁺-type) source region 113B is formed in the surface portion of thesemiconductor layer 110 of the second region 12, namely, over the bodyregion 112 of the second region 12. It is noted that the source region113B of the second region 12 is smaller in thickness than the thicknessof the source region 113A of the first region 11. Also, in the presentembodiment, the source region 113B is formed so as to cover the entiretyof the body region 112 of the second region 12.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12E and FIG. 12F, respective parts of the siliconoxide film 1100 and the insulating material 140 on the vertical gateelectrode 120 in each trench 500 are removed by dry etching, forexample, so that the recessed part 500 b is formed above the verticalgate electrode 120 in each trench 500 and the source regions 113A, 113Bexposed at the upper edge (upper end) of the recessed part 500 b arerounded. The conditions of this dry etching are adjusted so that theselection ratio of silicon to the silicon oxide film 1100 is in therange between 2 and 5, both inclusive, thereby rounding efficiently thesource regions 113A, 113B exposed at the upper edge of the recessed part500 b.

It is noted that the etching to the silicon oxide film 1100 and theinsulating material 140 on the vertical gate electrode 120 shown in FIG.12E and FIG. 12F is performed so as to expose the source region 113A atthe wall face of the recessed part 500 b of the first region 11 and soas to expose the body region 112 and the source region 113B at the wallface of the recessed part 500 b of the second region 12. In detail, thedry etching to the silicon oxide film 1100 and the insulating material140 in each trench 500 is performed to etch them down to about 100 to300 nm, for example, from the surface of the semiconductor layer 110.This dry etching is stopped before the silicon oxide film 1100 on thevertical gate electrode 120 is thoroughly removed with the buriedinsulating film 130 left on the vertical gate electrode 120. This buriedinsulating film 130 electrically insulates the vertical gate electrode120 from the common electrode 170 (shown in FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B).

Then, as shown in FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B, after the barrier metal film160 and the conductive film (e.g., aluminum film) 150 for wiring aresequentially deposited on the surface of the semiconductor layer 110including a part on the buried insulating film 130 in the recessed part500 b, the aluminum film 150 and the barrier metal film 160 arepatterned to form the common electrode 170. Thus, the source region 113Aand the common electrode 170 are electrically connected to each other atthe wall face of the recessed part 500 b of the first region 11. Also,the body region 112 and the source region 113B are electricallyconnected to the common electrode 170 through the wall face of therecessed part 500 b of the second region 12. Hence, the source region113B and the body region 112 are surely connected in common to theelectrode 170 at the wall face of each gate trench 500 of the secondregion 12.

According to the second embodiment as described above, in addition tothe same effects as in the first embodiment obtainable, the fabricationprocess can be simplified because the step of forming the body contactregion is unnecessary.

While the first and second embodiments refer to a N-channel verticaltrench gate DMOS transistor as a vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device, the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice may be, of course, a P-channel vertical trench gate DMOStransistor. In the case of a P-channel vertical trench gate DMOStransistor, the first conductivity type and the second conductivity typeare P-type and N-type in the above description, respectively, and thesource region, the drain region, and the semiconductor substrate shallbe P-type and the body region and the body contact region shall beN-type.

In the first or second embodiment, the thickness of the source region113B of the second region 12 is set smaller than the thickness of thesource region 113A of the first region 11. Instead, by setting, forexample, the depth of each trench 500 in the first region 11 to bedifferent from the depth of each trench 500 in the second region 12(wherein, the body region 112 or the body contact region 114 must beexposed at the wall face of each trench in the second region 12), thethickness of the source region 113A may be set equal to the thickness ofthe source region 113B.

In the first or second embodiment, the source region 113B is formed overthe entirety of the body region 112 or the body contact region 114 ofthe second region 12. Instead, the source region 113B may be formed soas to partially cover the surface (upper face) of the body region 112 orof the body contact region 114. In this case, in addition to electricalcontact of the body region 112 or the body contact region 114 with thecommon electrode 170 through the wall face of each trench 500(precisely, the recessed part 500 b) in the second region 12, thesurface (to be the semiconductor layer 110 of the second region 12) of apart where the source region 113B is not formed in the body region 112or the body contact region 114 may be in electrical contact with thecommon electrode 170.

In both of the first and second embodiments, the width of each trench inwhich the gate electrode 120 is buried and the trench intervals are setto 0.25 μm and the depth of the trenches is set to 1.25 μm. However, thetrench MOS in each embodiment is suitable for application to amicrostructure, and therefore, it is possible to set the width of eachtrench and trench intervals to 0.3 μm or less and to set the aspectratio of the trenches to 3 or more by setting the depth of the trenchesto 0.9 μm or larger. For this miniaturization of the width or the likeof the trenches, the number of the trenches preferable to be set to 400or more. FIG. 4A and FIG. 14B are sections showing the construction of avertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device in which the trenchintervals are shortened. In a vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device in which the trench intervals are shortened, FIG.14A is a section of the first region taken along a line corresponding tothe line a-a′ in FIG. 3 while FIG. 14B is a section of the second region12 taken along a line corresponding to the line b-b′ in FIG. 3. In theconstructions shown in FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B, the trench intervals isreduced to 0.2 μm, for example. With the narrowed trench intervals, theupper part of the semiconductor layer (the source regions 113A, 113B)interposed by respective two trenches is rounded entirely.

Further, in the first or second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15A, aN/P/N Zener diode 200 of, for example, polysilicon, which is formed onthe upper part of a Si epitaxial substrate 100 with being insulated by aSi oxide film 210, may be formed in the vicinity of the transistor partcomposed by forming the plural trenches of the N-channel vertical trenchgate DMOS transistor of each embodiment. Herein, FIG. 15A is the sectionof the vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device and shows,in addition to the transistor part shown in, for example, FIG. 3, a partbeside it in the transverse direction thereof (a direction intersectingat right angle with a direction along which the gate extends). Further,as shown in FIG. 15B, the Zener diode 200 is connected, as a diode forprotection, between the gate electrode and the source electrode of theN-channel vertical trench gate DMOS transistor, thereby increasing theelectrostatic breaking strength.

Wherein, the actual number of the trenches in which the gate electrodes120 are buried is about 1500. Further, as shown in FIG. 15A, the Al film(precisely, a laminated film of the barrier metal film 160 and thealuminum film 150) is formed on the transistor part as the commonelectrode 170. The common electrode 170 is connected to the sourceregion 113, which is the semiconductor layer made of N-type polysilicon.The source region 113 is in contact with the body region 112, which isthe semiconductor layer made of P-type polysilicon. The body region 112is in contact with the drain region 111, which is the semiconductorlayer made of N-type polysilicon. Also, the drain region 111 iselectrically connected to the drain electrode. On the other hand, eachN-type semiconductor region of the Zener diode 200 is electricallyconnected to the common electrode 170 through a contact hole formed inan interlayer insulating film 220 on the Zener diode 200.

In addition, the Zener diode 200 made of polysilicon can be formed insuch a manner that non-doped polysilicon is formed simultaneously withthe formation of the gate electrode 120 and an impurity is implanted toa predetermined region made of the polysilicon.

1. A vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device comprising: adrain region; a first body region formed over the drain region; a secondbody region formed over a part of the first body region; a first sourceregion formed over another part of the first body region; a secondsource region formed over the second body region and electricallyconnected to the first source region; a trench formed through the firstsource region, the second source region, the first body region, and thesecond body region; and a gate disposed in the trench; wherein thesecond source region functions as an electrical contact for the firstsource region while the second body region functions as an electricalcontact for the first body region, and an upper edge of a wall face ofthe trench is rounded.
 2. The vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the first source region and thesecond source region are exposed at the upper edge of the wall face ofthe trench, and the first source region and the second source regionwhich are exposed at the upper edge of the wall face of the trench arerounded.
 3. The vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device ofclaim 1, wherein parts of the wall face of the trench from the upperedge to upper faces of the first source region and the second sourceregion are rounded entirely.
 4. The vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the secondsource region is smaller than a thickness of the first source region. 5.The vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device of claim 1,wherein the second source region covers an entirety of the second bodyregion.
 6. The vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device ofclaim 1, wherein an impurity concentration of an upper part of thesecond body region is higher than an impurity concentration of a lowerpart of the second body region.
 7. The vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device of claim 1, wherein a gate region is formed so asto form a recessed part in an upper part of the trench, and the secondbody region is exposed at a wall face of the recessed part.
 8. Thevertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device of claim 1, whereina gate region is formed so as to form a recessed part in an upper partof the trench, and the first source region and the second source regionare exposed at the wall face of the recessed part and are in contactthrough the respective exposed parts and upper faces of the respectivesource regions.
 9. The vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice of claim 7, wherein the second body region includes, in an upperportion thereof, a heavily doped region of which impurity concentrationis relatively high, and the heavily doped region is exposed at the wallface of the recessed part and is in electrical contact through theexposed part.
 10. The vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice of claim 7, wherein the second source region and the second bodyregion are exposed at the wall face of the recessed part and are inelectrical contact through the respective exposed parts.
 11. Thevertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device of claim 7, furthercomprising: an additional electrode overlaid from the second sourceregion to the gate region with an insulating film interposed, whereinthe additional electrode is in contact with the second source region andthe second body region at the wall face of the recessed part.
 12. Avertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device comprising: a drainregion; a first body region formed over the drain region; a second bodyregion formed over a part of the first body region; a first sourceregion formed over another part of the first body region; a secondsource region formed over the second body region and electricallyconnected to the first source region; a trench formed through the firstsource region and the first body region; and a gate disposed in thetrench; wherein the second source region functions as an electricalcontact for the first source region while the second body regionfunctions as an electrical contact for the first body region, an upperedge of a wall face of the trench is rounded, a gate region is formed soas to form a recessed part in an upper part of the trench, and thesecond body region is exposed at a wall face of the recessed part and isin electrical contact through the exposed part.
 13. The vertical trenchgate transistor semiconductor device of claim 12, wherein the firstsource region and the second source region are exposed at the upper edgeof the wall face of the trench, and the first source region and thesecond source region which are exposed at the upper edge of the wallface of the trench are rounded.
 14. The vertical trench gate transistorsemiconductor device of claim 12, wherein parts of the wall face of thetrench from the upper edge to upper faces of the first source region andthe second source region are rounded entirely.
 15. The vertical trenchgate transistor semiconductor device of claim 14, further comprising: anadditional electrode overlaid from the first source region and thesecond source region to the gate region with an insulating filminterposed, wherein the additional electrode is in contact with thesecond source region and the second body region at the wall face of therecessed part.
 16. The vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice of claim 15, wherein the additional electrode is electricallyconnected to the first source region and the second source region. 17.The vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device of claim 12,wherein the second source region is thinner than the first sourceregion.
 18. The vertical trench gate transistor semiconductor device ofclaim 12, wherein the second body region includes a lower portion and anupper portion whose impurity concentration is higher than an impurityconcentration of the lower portion, and the upper portion is exposed atthe wall face of the recessed part and is in electrical contact throughthe exposed part.
 19. The vertical trench gate transistor semiconductordevice of claim 18, wherein an additional electrode is formed over thegate in the recessed part with an insulating layer interposed, and theadditional electrode is in contact with the upper portion at the wallface of the recessed part.